The kinetic energy of an atom recoiling due to absorption of a photon was measured
as a frequency,
using an interferometric technique called contrast interferometry.
Optical standing wave pulses were
used to create a symmetric three-path interferometer with a Bose-Einstein condensate.
Its recoil phase,
measurable with a single shot, varies quadratically with additional recoils
and is insensitive to errors
from vibrations and ac Stark shifts. We have measured the photon recoil frequency
of sodium to 7 ppm
precision, using a simple realization of this scheme. Plausible extensions should
yield sufficient
precision to attain a ppb-level determination of h/m and the fine structure
constant alpha.